HIV And The Cause ( By another writer )

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) infection has now spread to all countries in the world and has infected more than 40 million people worldwide at the end of 2003. More than 1.1 million people in the USA have been infected with HIV. The scourge of HIV has been particularly devastating in Sub-Saharan Africa. The proportion of women among those adults who are infected with HIV is increasing.
HIV is present in the blood and genital secretions of virtually all people infected with HIV, regardless of whether or not they have symptoms. The spread of HIV can occur when these secretions come into contact with tissues such as those lining the vagina, anal region, mouth or eyes (mucous membranes), or with a break in the skin, like a break or perforation by a needle.

What are the early symptoms of HIV infection?

Many people do not develop symptoms when they first become infected with HIV. Some people, however, get a flu syndrome within three to six weeks after exposure to the virus. The disease, called acute HIV syndrome, May include fever, headache, fatigue, nausea, diarrhea and enlarged lymph nodes (organs of the immune system that can be felt in the neck, armpits and groin). These symptoms usually disappear in a week to one month and are often confused with another viral infection.

Neurological and psychiatric participation: HIV infection May lead to a variety of neuropsychiatric sequelae, either by an infection now sensitive nervous system by agencies, or as a direct consequence of the disease itself.

Toxoplasmosis is a disease caused by the unicellular parasite called Toxoplasma gondii, it usually infects the brain causing toxoplasma encephalitis, but it can infect and cause disease in the eyes and lungs



Risk Factors

Have unprotected sex with multiple partners. You're at risk if you are heterosexual, homosexual or bisexual. Unprotected sex means having sex without using a new latex or polyurethane each time.

Have unprotected sex with someone who is HIV-positive. If you have another sexually transmitted disease such as syphilis, herpes, chlamydia, gonorrhea or bacterial vaginosis.

Low Status of Women: Infection rates were increasing among women and children in some states. As in many other countries, unequal power relations and the low status of women, as expressed by limited access to human resources, finance and economic weakens the ability of women to protect themselves and negotiate safer sex, which increases vulnerability.

Many of these risk factors are behavioral in nature. In other words, avoiding high-risk behaviors, you can reduce or virtually eliminate the risk of HIV / AIDS. Learn the risk factors. If necessary, change your behavior.



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Find tips about herpes transmission and herpes simplex 2 at the Herpes Facts website.

Causes of HIV virus

Causes of HIV virus How was the HIV virus spread to humans?

There is some suggestions that poachers may have killed the HIV infected chimps and then eaten them or even had sex with them. Another extremely controversial theory is that HIV was spread via the polio vaccine. Human immune deficiency virus has now spread to every part of the country. It has infected more than 40 million people throughout the world. In USA about 1.1 million of people are patients HIV/AIDS (acquired Immunodeficiency syndrome) is first time come to reorganization 1981 in New York City. Slowly this infection spreads out throughout the world and infected millions of people. AIDS gives way to the problem that result body doesn’t fight with the diseases of the body.

In Africa AIDS is caused by the malnutrition. Release of endogenous cortical and sometimes by opportunistic diseases. A lymphoid tissue Atrophy has been observed in HIV negative people suffering from malnutrition. HIV virus may be transfer through blood and blood products that you receive in blood transfusions. Whole blood, packed red cells and fresh frozen plasma and platelets come to this category. If the blood of an infected person transferred to normal person may affected HIV virus. Some of the reasons are given below; 1.If two persons shared the same needle and syringes to inject drugs, for tattoo or piercing, there may be chance of infection of HIV. 2.If mother is the patient of AIDS then chances of having same disease increases in the new born child as child can be infected during pregnancy or at the time of breast feeding. 3.People who already have a sexually transmitted disease, such as syphilis, genital herpes, Chlamydia infection, gonorrhea, or bacterial vaginosis are more likely to acquire HIV infection during unprotected sex with an infected partner.

You may be caused by this disease if you share sexual devices without washing or covered with condom. 4.If the infected person’s blood, semen or vaginal secretions enter normal person’s body he may be caused by the HIV. 5.Transmission of the virus between HIV positive people and health care workers through needle sticks is low. Experts put the risk at far less than 1 percent. 6.The virus may be transmitted through organ or tissue transplant or unsterilized dental or any surgical equipment. 7.People who inject illegal drugs, and share needles, are also at risk from getting the HIV virus. The condition can also be spread from a mother to her unborn child. However, medicines can now be used to prevent this from happening. The HIV virus breaks down genetic code of cells used by our immune system particularly the cells known as CD4 cells, and then uses the raw of genetic material to make copies of itself. The body can make more CD4 cells, but eventually the HIV virus will reduce the numbers of CD4 cells to such an extent that immune system will stop working.The virus attacks specific lymphocytes called T helper cells (also known as T-cells), takes them over, and multiplies. This destroys more T-cells, which damages the body's ability to fight off invading germs and disease.

A healthy, uninfected person usually has 800 to 1,200 CD4+ T cells per cubic millimeter (mm3) of blood. During HIV infection, the number of these cells in a person's blood progressively declines. When a person's CD4+ T cell count falls below 200/mm3, he or she becomes particularly vulnerable to the opportunistic infections and cancers that typify AIDS, the end stage of HIV disease. People with AIDS often suffer infections of the lungs, intestinal tract, brain, eyes and other organs, as well as debilitating weight loss, diarrhea, neurological conditions and cancers such as Kaposi's sarcoma and certain types of lymphomas. When the number of T-cells falls to a very low level, people with HIV become more susceptible to other infections and they may get certain types of cancer that a healthy body would normally be able to fight off. This weakened immunity (or immune deficiency) is known as AIDS and can result in severe life-threatening infections, some forms of cancer, and the deterioration of the nervous system. Although AIDS is always the result of an HIV infection, not everyone with HIV has AIDS. In fact, adults who become infected with HIV may appear healthy for years before they get sick with AIDS.

The first case of AIDS was reported in 1981, but the disease may have existed unrecognized for many years before that. HIV infection leading to AIDS has been a major cause of illness and death among children, teens, and young adults worldwide. AIDS has been the sixth leading cause of death in the United States among 15- to 24-year-olds since 1991.In recent years, AIDS infection rates have been increasing rapidly among teens and young adults. Half of all new HIV infections in the United States occur in people who are under 25 years old; thousands of teens acquire new HIV infections each year. Most new HIV cases in younger people are transmitted through unprotected sex; one third of these cases are from injection drug usage via the sharing of dirty, blood-contaminated needles. Among children, most cases of AIDS â€" and almost all new HIV infections â€" resulted from transmission of the HIV virus from the mother to her child during pregnancy, birth, or through breastfeeding. Fortunately, medicines currently given to HIV-positive pregnant women have reduced mother-to-child HIV transmission tremendously in the United States. These drugs (discussed in detail in the Drug Treatments section of this article) are also used to slow or reduce some of the effects of the disease in people who are already infected. Unfortunately, these medicines have not been readily available worldwide, particularly in the poorer nations hardest hit by the epidemic. Providing access to these life-saving treatments has become an issue of global importance.

Most scientists think that HIV causes AIDS by directly inducing the death of CD4+ T cells or interfering with their normal function, and by triggering other events that weaken a person's immune function. For example, the network of signaling molecules that normally regulates a person's immune response is disrupted during HIV disease, impairing a person's ability to fight other infections. The HIV-mediated destruction of the lymph nodes and related immunologic organs also plays a major role in causing the immunosuppressant seen in people with AIDS.

The great tragedy is that this failure to determine the root cause of HIV is a seemingly insurmountable obstacle in finding either a cure or even a vaccine



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HIV,AIDS,HIV Cure,HIV Treatment,HIV Infection,HIV Dating,HIV Positive,HIV Symptoms.

Anti-HIV vaccine by Johnson Pinto

Anti-HIV vaccine

The vaccine is made from a patient's own dendrites cells and HIV isolated from the patient's own blood. Dendritic cells are crucial to the immune response. They grab foreign bodies in the blood and present them to other immune cells to trigger powerful immune system responses to destroy the foreign invaders. Vaccines stimulate the body’s immune system to provide protection against infection or disease. Vaccines against HIV are being developed, and they are in various stages of clinical trial but at present none have proven effective.

It is important to conduct research to find an effective vaccine because: The availability of a safe, highly effective and accessible preventive HIV vaccine would be a valuable complement to other preventive interventions, significantly contributing to the interruption of the chain of transmission of HIV. Well conceived HIV immunization strategies could reach populations where other interventions are not sufficiently effective. Research on preventive HIV vaccines is providing new information on the possible use of vaccines as therapeutic interventions, to be used in association with antiretroviral therapies, which could lead to a lowering in the cost of the treatments and to an increase on their long-term efficacy.

The essence of traditional vaccine technology is to make a disease-causing microbe detectable by the immune system. The easiest means is to present a disabled or killed version that awakens this immunity. Once that's accomplished, a scientist can stand back and let the body take over.

However, HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, is so changeable that such an approach hasn't worked. As an alternative, researchers are using a glycoprotein found on the surface of HIV--not the virus itself--as a red flag for the immune system. A vaccine is a substance that is introduced into the body to prevent infection or to control disease due to a certain pathogen (any disease-causing organism, such as a virus, bacteria or parasite); the vaccine 'teaches' the body how to defend itself against a pathogen by creating an immune response .Vaccines can be introduced in different ways, such as injection into the muscle (intramuscular) or under the skin (intradermal or subcutaneous); by application to the skin (transdermal);by application to the inside of the nose(nasal);or by being swallowed (oral). Right now there is no vaccine to protect against HIV/AIDS.

A vaccine's efficacy refers to how well it protects against disease or infection when it is tested in a large trial in humans; a vaccine's effectiveness refers to how well it reduces the amount of disease once it is used in the overall population. HIV infection normally turns these important immune system responses off. But animal studies show that when dendritic cells are "loaded" with whole, killed AIDS viruses, they can trigger effective immune responses that keep infected animals from dying of AIDS. Vaccines could be a promising strategy for treating people with chronic HIV infection," Andrieu and colleagues write. "The significant decrease of viral load as well as maintenance of ... [T-]cell counts observed at one year after immunization are particularly promising."

The researchers warn that their study is only proof of principle. It's still not clear which patients do best with the vaccine, although there's evidence that vaccination should be given as soon after HIV infection as possible. Only clinical trials comparing people who get the vaccine to those who don't can show whether this vaccine really is an effective AIDS therapy. Other experimental HIV vaccines made of viruses carrying foreign genes tend to slay the cells they invade. This rabies virus doesn't kill the cells it takes over, Schnell says. Thus, he says, "there's a better chance that the glycoprotein, after infection, will be expressed in the cell. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) attacks human immune system and causes AIDS. HIV finds and destroys a type of white blood cell (T cells or CD4 cells) that the immune system must have to fight disease. AIDS stands for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. AIDS is the final stage of HIV infection. Having AIDS means that the virus has weakened the immune system to the point at which the body has a difficult time fighting infections. There are three main types of HIV test: HIV antibody test, antigen test, PCR test. The standard HIV test looks for antibodies in a person's blood. The antigen on HIV that most commonly provokes an antibody response is the protein P24. P24 antigen tests are sometimes used to screen donated blood, but they can also be used for testing for HIV in individuals, as they can detect.

HIV P24 test detects earlier than standard antibody tests. Some of the most modern HIV tests combine P24 and other antigen tests with standard antibody identification methods to enable earlier and more accurate HIV detection. The HIV recombinant antigens provided by Hotgen include gp41, gp36 and gp41+36, all of which have been proved by IVD regnant companies to have high activity.

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HIV,AIDS,HIV Cure,HIV Treatment,HIV Infection,HIV Dating,HIV Positive,HIV Symptoms.